Task 1: Synthesis of Proposed Cathode Materials

The objective of this task is to synthesize high capacity cathode materials. A number of variations in heat-treatment temperatures and compositions of the cathode materials will be used in the synthesis process. In this preliminary evaluation, samples will be prepared and delivered to sub contractors for characterization and performance evaluation. A non disclosures agreement will be signed between all parties to protect technical know-how like cathode material preparation, cell assembly, anode materials, separators and all other components associated with lithium ion batteries.

Task 2: Characterization of Cathode Materials

The primary objective of this task is to characterize the developed cathode materials using analytical and electrochemical techniques. The electrochemical performance of the electrodes in the batteries is critically dependent on several properties such as crystal structure, electronic conductivity, surface area and porosity, i. e., the distribution of micro and macro pores within the electrodes. Therefore, a focus of this project will be to characterize these materials by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, EDS analysis, BET surface area, porosimetry, and particle size distribution in order to correlate physical and chemical properties with their electrochemical performance. The thermal stability of the synthesized materials will be tested by using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) technique.

The X-ray diffraction of the synthesized materials, as a function of synthesis temperature, will provide the information related to the formation and changes of the crystal structure and minimum temperature. The low temperature is critical in obtaining a high surface area material. Scanning electron micrographs, BET surface area measurements, and the Hg-porosimetry will provide the needed information about the particle size and morphology of the material. EDS analysis will provide a qualitative comparison of different elements present on the surface of the oxides.

Task 5: Evaluation of Performance and Assessment of Technical Feasibility

Information from customer’s on cell performance and thermal stability :
a) Less than 20% capacity loss at 400 cycles @ room temperature. Charge at 1C, rest 10 minutes and discharge at 1C rate.
Tap current to 20 mA for a 1.3Ah cell.
b) Safety Test (No Fire/No Explosion):

• Hot Oven Test (130°C for 2 hours)

• Overcharge Test (4.6V @ 3.0A, continue test for 24 hours, or until cell current is <C/10 or until cell temperature is < 30°C

• External short circuit at 60°C, continue test until cell voltage is < 0.1 mV or/and temperature is < 54°C

• Float Charge at 4.2V at 40°C

Task 6: Final Report

A final report documenting all the experimental procedures, results, critical analyses of results and recommendation for future work will be prepared jointly by Li-ion Motors and participants.